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Deuteronomy 20

When you go out to war against your enemies and see horses and chariots and more people than you, don't be afraid of them, because the Lord your God is with you — the one who brought you up out of the land of Egypt. When you come near the battle, the priest will come forward and speak to the people. He will say to them: Listen, Israel. To

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Before the battle

When you go out to war against your enemies and see horses and chariots and more people than you, don't be afraid of them, because the Lord your God is with you — the one who brought you up out of the land of Egypt. When you come near the battle, the priest will come forward and speak to the people. He will say to them: Listen, Israel. Today you're going into battle against your enemies. Don't lose heart. Don't be afraid, panic or be terrified of them. Because the Lord your God is the one who goes with you, to fight for you against your enemies and to save you. The officers will say to the people: 'Has anyone built a new house and not dedicated it yet? Let him go home, in case he dies in battle and someone else dedicates it. Has anyone planted a vineyard and not eaten from it yet? Let him go home, in case he dies in battle and someone else eats from it. Has anyone promised to marry a woman but hasn't married her yet? Let him go home, in case he dies in battle and someone else marries her.' The officers will speak again: 'Who is fearful and fainthearted? Let him go and return to his house, so his brothers' hearts do not faint as his heart does.' When the officers have finished speaking to the people, they'll set captains of the armies at the head of the people.

When you go out to war against the ones against you and see horses and chariots and more people than you, don't be frightened of them, because the Lord your God is with you — the one who brought you up out of the land of Egypt. And when you come near the battle, the priest will come forward and speak to the people. And he'll say to them: Listen, Israel. You're coming near today to the battle against the ones against you. Don't let your heart go weak. Don't be frightened, don't shake and don't be terrified of them. Because the Lord your God is the one who goes with you, to fight for you against the ones against you and to save you. And the officers will speak to the people: Who's built a new house and hasn't dedicated it? Let him go and go back to his house, or he might die in the battle and another man dedicate it. And who's planted a vineyard and hasn't eaten from it? Let him go and go back to his house, or he might die in the battle and another man eat from it. And who's promised himself to a woman and hasn't taken her? Let him go and go back to his house, or he might die in the battle and another man take her. And the officers will speak to the people again and say: Who's frightened and weak-hearted? Let him go and go back to his house, so his brothers' heart doesn't melt like his. And when the officers have finished speaking to the people, they'll set captains of the armies at the head of the people.

When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the LORD thy God is with thee, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt. And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people, And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts faint, fear not, and do not tremble, neither be ye terrified because of them; For the LORD your God is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you. And the officers shall speak unto the people, saying, What man is there that hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it. And what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? let him also go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man eat of it. And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her. And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren’s heart faint as well as his heart. And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people, that they shall make captains of the armies to lead the people.

1

When you go out to war against your enemies and see horses and chariots and more people than you, don't be afraid of them, because the Lord your God is with you — the one who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.

Plain English

When you go out to war against the ones against you and see horses and chariots and more people than you, don't be frightened of them, because the Lord your God is with you — the one who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.

King James Version, 1611

When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the LORD thy God is with thee, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.

2

When you come near the battle, the priest will come forward and speak to the people.

Plain English

And when you come near the battle, the priest will come forward and speak to the people.

King James Version, 1611

And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people,

3

He will say to them: Listen, Israel. Today you're going into battle against your enemies. Don't lose heart. Don't be afraid, panic or be terrified of them.

Plain English

And he'll say to them: Listen, Israel. You're coming near today to the battle against the ones against you. Don't let your heart go weak. Don't be frightened, don't shake and don't be terrified of them.

King James Version, 1611

And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts faint, fear not, and do not tremble, neither be ye terrified because of them;

4

Because the Lord your God is the one who goes with you, to fight for you against your enemies and to save you.

Plain English

Because the Lord your God is the one who goes with you, to fight for you against the ones against you and to save you.

King James Version, 1611

For the LORD your God is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you.

5

The officers will say to the people: 'Has anyone built a new house and not dedicated it yet? Let him go home, in case he dies in battle and someone else dedicates it.

Plain English

And the officers will speak to the people: Who's built a new house and hasn't dedicated it? Let him go and go back to his house, or he might die in the battle and another man dedicate it.

King James Version, 1611

And the officers shall speak unto the people, saying, What man is there that hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it.

6

Has anyone planted a vineyard and not eaten from it yet? Let him go home, in case he dies in battle and someone else eats from it.

Plain English

And who's planted a vineyard and hasn't eaten from it? Let him go and go back to his house, or he might die in the battle and another man eat from it.

King James Version, 1611

And what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? let him also go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man eat of it.

7

Has anyone promised to marry a woman but hasn't married her yet? Let him go home, in case he dies in battle and someone else marries her.'

Plain English

And who's promised himself to a woman and hasn't taken her? Let him go and go back to his house, or he might die in the battle and another man take her.

King James Version, 1611

And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.

8

The officers will speak again: 'Who is fearful and fainthearted? Let him go and return to his house, so his brothers' hearts do not faint as his heart does.'

Plain English

And the officers will speak to the people again and say: Who's frightened and weak-hearted? Let him go and go back to his house, so his brothers' heart doesn't melt like his.

King James Version, 1611

And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren’s heart faint as well as his heart.

9

When the officers have finished speaking to the people, they'll set captains of the armies at the head of the people.

Plain English

And when the officers have finished speaking to the people, they'll set captains of the armies at the head of the people.

King James Version, 1611

And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people, that they shall make captains of the armies to lead the people.

Terms of peace

When you come near a city to fight against it, proclaim peace to it. If it answers you with peace and opens to you, then all the people found in it'll be tributaries to you and will serve you. If it won't make peace with you but makes war against you, then you'll lay siege to it. When the Lord your God has delivered it into your hand, you'll strike down every male in it with the edge of the sword. But the women and the little ones and the cattle and everything in the city, all its loot, you'll take for yourself. And you'll eat the plunder of your enemies that the Lord your God has given you. That's what you'll do to all the cities a long way off from you that aren't cities of these nations. But of the cities of these peoples that the Lord your God is giving you for an inheritance, you won't keep alive anything that breathes. But you'll utterly destroy them — the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites — as the Lord your God has commanded you, So they don't teach you to do all the disgusting things they've done for their gods, and so you sin against the Lord your God. When you besiege a city a long time, making war against it to take it, do not destroy its trees by forcing an axe against them. You may eat from them, so do not cut them down. Is the tree of the field a man, that it should be besieged by you? Only the trees you know aren't trees for food — those you can destroy and cut down, and build siege works against the city that's making war on you, till it falls.

When you come near a town to fight it, then call out terms of peace to it. And if it answers you with peace and opens to you, then all the people found in it will be your workers, and they'll serve you. And if it won't make peace with you but makes war against you, then you'll lay siege to it. And when the Lord your God has handed it over to you, you'll strike down every male in it with the edge of the sword. But the women and the little ones and the cattle and everything in the town, all its loot, you'll take for yourself. And you'll eat the plunder of the ones against you that the Lord your God has given you. That's what you'll do to all the towns a long way off from you that aren't towns of these nations. But of the towns of these peoples that the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance, you won't keep alive anything that breathes. But you'll completely wreck them — the Hittites and the Amorites, the Canaanites and the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites — the way the Lord your God has ordered you, so they don't teach you to do all the disgusting things they've done for their gods, and so you sin against the Lord your God. When you lay siege to a town a long time, making war on it to take it, don't wreck its trees by swinging an axe at them. Because you can eat from them, so don't cut them down. Is the tree of the field a man, that it should come under siege from you? Only the trees you know aren't trees for food — those you can wreck and cut down, and build siege works against the town that's making war on you, till it falls.

When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it. And it shall be, if it make thee answer of peace, and open unto thee, then it shall be, that all the people that is found therein shall be tributaries unto thee, and they shall serve thee. And if it will make no peace with thee, but will make war against thee, then thou shalt besiege it: And when the LORD thy God hath delivered it into thine hands, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword: But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the LORD thy God hath given thee. Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations. But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth: But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee: That they teach you not to do after all their abominations, which they have done unto their gods; so should ye sin against the LORD your God. When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man’s life) to employ them in the siege: Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that maketh war with thee, until it be subdued.

10

When you come near a city to fight against it, proclaim peace to it.

Plain English

When you come near a town to fight it, then call out terms of peace to it.

King James Version, 1611

When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.

11

If it answers you with peace and opens to you, then all the people found in it'll be tributaries to you and will serve you.

Plain English

And if it answers you with peace and opens to you, then all the people found in it will be your workers, and they'll serve you.

King James Version, 1611

And it shall be, if it make thee answer of peace, and open unto thee, then it shall be, that all the people that is found therein shall be tributaries unto thee, and they shall serve thee.

12

If it won't make peace with you but makes war against you, then you'll lay siege to it.

Plain English

And if it won't make peace with you but makes war against you, then you'll lay siege to it.

King James Version, 1611

And if it will make no peace with thee, but will make war against thee, then thou shalt besiege it:

13

When the Lord your God has delivered it into your hand, you'll strike down every male in it with the edge of the sword.

Plain English

And when the Lord your God has handed it over to you, you'll strike down every male in it with the edge of the sword.

King James Version, 1611

And when the LORD thy God hath delivered it into thine hands, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword:

14

But the women and the little ones and the cattle and everything in the city, all its loot, you'll take for yourself. And you'll eat the plunder of your enemies that the Lord your God has given you.

Plain English

But the women and the little ones and the cattle and everything in the town, all its loot, you'll take for yourself. And you'll eat the plunder of the ones against you that the Lord your God has given you.

King James Version, 1611

But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the LORD thy God hath given thee.

15

That's what you'll do to all the cities a long way off from you that aren't cities of these nations.

Plain English

That's what you'll do to all the towns a long way off from you that aren't towns of these nations.

King James Version, 1611

Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.

16

But of the cities of these peoples that the Lord your God is giving you for an inheritance, you won't keep alive anything that breathes.

Plain English

But of the towns of these peoples that the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance, you won't keep alive anything that breathes.

King James Version, 1611

But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth:

17

But you'll utterly destroy them — the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites — as the Lord your God has commanded you,

Plain English

But you'll completely wreck them — the Hittites and the Amorites, the Canaanites and the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites — the way the Lord your God has ordered you,

King James Version, 1611

But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee:

18

So they don't teach you to do all the disgusting things they've done for their gods, and so you sin against the Lord your God.

Plain English

so they don't teach you to do all the disgusting things they've done for their gods, and so you sin against the Lord your God.

King James Version, 1611

That they teach you not to do after all their abominations, which they have done unto their gods; so should ye sin against the LORD your God.

19

When you besiege a city a long time, making war against it to take it, do not destroy its trees by forcing an axe against them. You may eat from them, so do not cut them down. Is the tree of the field a man, that it should be besieged by you?

Plain English

When you lay siege to a town a long time, making war on it to take it, don't wreck its trees by swinging an axe at them. Because you can eat from them, so don't cut them down. Is the tree of the field a man, that it should come under siege from you?

King James Version, 1611

When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man’s life) to employ them in the siege:

20

Only the trees you know aren't trees for food — those you can destroy and cut down, and build siege works against the city that's making war on you, till it falls.

Plain English

Only the trees you know aren't trees for food — those you can wreck and cut down, and build siege works against the town that's making war on you, till it falls.

King James Version, 1611

Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that maketh war with thee, until it be subdued.